Maritime Radio Propagation with the Effects of Ship Motions

—For designing maritime wireless transmission system, the radio propagation over sea surface needs to be known first. One of the distinct characteristics of maritime radio propagation is the impact of ship motions due to the fluctuation of sea waves. This paper establishes a radio propagation model with the integration of the effects of ship motions. Using such an integrated radio propagation model, the maritime radio propagation characteristics are analyzed and discussed under different transmission distances, different carrier frequencies, and different motion types.